Need for Leadership free essay sample

Harry Truman once stated, â€Å"Men impact the world forever not the reverse way around. In periods where there is no initiative, society stops. Progress happens when valiant, capable pioneers take advantage of the chance to change things for the better.† The statement that Truman states above is one I live by, it’s genuine that progress possibly happens when somebody decides to assume responsibility and set a model for the individuals who are to defeatist to take care of business. We need more pioneers in our general public today: youthful grown-ups that can have any kind of effect in the manner we live. I accept that I hold the capacity so as to lead others to progress. During secondary school I was associated with extracurricular exercises shifting from Leadership Council to Darfur Club. Each club requested a specific sort of commitment. Being leader of Darfur Club you needed to show a degree of authority abilities to your friends and make sense of inventive ways whe re you can instruct others on the annihilation occurring in Darfur. We will compose a custom article test on Requirement for Leadership or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page You held a ton of duty and stress however you needed to show everybody around you that you had it leveled out. Authority Council was where you found out about turning into a pioneer yet for your as well as your locale also. As a gathering we achieved numerous assignments whether it was fund-raising for a nearby foundation, or simply chipping in at a school occasion. Being an innovator in that club instructed me to discuss well with others which brought attachment between each other. I trust I can enhance your locale with an interesting point of view, and the capacity to need to develop and thrive as an individual, yet in addition in the scholastic division that your locale as of now harbors. With the commitment and persistence I learned in secondary school I could apply it to challenges I’m looked inside school. Both of my folks didn’t go to school, however consistently they push me to succeed and focus on the incredible to not commit similar errors they did. I need my school understanding to help be a decent educator to other people. I need to head off to college to give my youngsters a superior lifestyle then what I had. My expectation for a school experience is to be loaded up with life-changing recollections, once in a blue moon openings, and companionships that will last a real existence time. It might sound adage however I’d like my school understanding to be only that. Being in a comprehensive network that is committed to greatness and more profound understandings in scholastics is actually the spot I need to be. A school experience ought to envelop a decent domain with gave educators that will enable you to develop as an individual not only an understudy. I will likely go to Boulder and major in the Pre-Medical program. I realize that on the off chance that I drive myse lf to progress it will accompany tolerance. I need to submerge myself in the various societies and experience another city, Boulder appears as though a lovely spot and I trust it would be a remarkable encounter. Finishing up, I accept that I could improve your locale with the assurance and authority abilities, and with those aptitudes downplay circumstances and guide others into their ways of progress and instruct them to be pioneers all alone. I’d likewise like for my school understanding to be a positive one where I can concentrate on my investigations and improve a future for myself and my family.

The Role of Audience in Media Meaning Making

MANUAL ON THE NEW GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING SYSTEM For National Government Agencies ACCOUNTING POLICIES Volume I Chapter 1. Presentation Objectives of the Manual. The New Government Accounting System (NGAS) Manual presents the fundamental strategies and techniques; the new coding framework; the bookkeeping frameworks, books, libraries, records, structures, reports, and fiscal summaries; and illustrative bookkeeping sections to be embraced by all national government organizations viable January 1, 2002. The targets of the Manual are to recommend the accompanying: . Uniform rules and strategies in representing government assets and property; b. New coding structure and graph of records; c. Bookkeeping books, libraries, records, structures, reports and budget summaries; and d. Bookkeeping sections. Inclusion. This Manual will be utilized by all national government organizations. Legitimate Basis. This Manual is recommended by the Commission on Audit compliant with Article IX-D, Section 2 st andard. (2) of the 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines which gives that: The Commission on Audit will have elite power, subject to the impediments in this Article, to characterize the extent of its review and assessment, build up the strategies and techniques required therefor, and declare bookkeeping and examining rules and guidelines, including those for the anticipation and forbiddance of unpredictable, superfluous, exorbitant, extreme, or unconscionable uses, or employments of government reserves and properties†. (underscoring provided) Chapter 2. Essential Features and Policies Basic Features and Policies. The NGAS has the accompanying essential highlights and strategies, indeed: a.Accrual Accounting. A changed gathering premise of bookkeeping will be utilized. Under this technique, all costs will be perceived when caused and detailed in the fiscal summaries in the period to which they relate. Salary will be on gathering premise aside from exchanges where collection premise is illogical or when different techniques are legally necessary. b. One Fund Concept. This framework embraces the one store idea. Separate reserve bookkeeping will be done just when explicitly legally necessary or by a contributor office or when in any case required by conditions subject to earlier endorsement of the Commission. . Graph of Accounts and Account Codes. Another graph of records and coding structure with a three-digit account numbering framework will be embraced. (See Volume III, The Chart of Accounts) d. Books of Accounts. Every national office will keep up two arrangements of books, specifically: Regular Agency (RA) Books. These will be utilized to record the receipt and usage of Notice of Cash Allocation (NCA) and other pay/receipts which the organizations are approved to utilize and to store with Authorized Government Depository Bank (AGDB) and the National Treasury.These will comprise of diaries and records, as follows: Journals †¢ Cash Rec eipts Journal (CRJ) †¢ Cash Disbursements Journal (CDJ) †¢ Check Disbursements Journal (CkDJ) †¢ General Journal (GJ) Ledgers †¢ General Ledger (GL) †¢ Subsidiary Ledgers (SL) for: ? Money ? Receivables ? Inventories ? Speculations ? Property, Plant and Equipment ? Development in Progress ? Liabilities ? Salary ? Costs National Government (NG) Books. These will be utilized to record pay which the organizations are not approved to utilize and are required to be dispatched to the National Treasury.These will comprise of: †¢ Cash Journal (CJ) †¢ General Journal (GJ) †¢ General Ledger (GL) †¢ Subsidiary Ledger (SL) With the execution of the automated office bookkeeping framework, just the General Journal will be utilized along with the records by the two books. e. Budget summaries. The accompanying explanations will be readied: †¢ Balance Sheet †¢ Statement of Government Equity †¢ Statement of Income and Expenses †¢ Statem ent of Cash Flows Notes to Financial Statements will go with the above tatements. f. Two-Money Column Trial Balance. The two †cash section preliminary equalization demonstrating the record adjusts will be utilized. g. Distribution and Obligation. Commitment bookkeeping is altered to disentangle strategies in the incurrence and liquidation of commitments and the chronicle of the budgetary records (distributions and commitments acquired and exchanged). Separate vaults will be kept up to control the distributions and commitments for every one of the four classes of portions, in particular: Registry of Allotments and Obligations †Capital Outlay (RAOCO) †¢ Registry of Allotments and Obligations †Maintenance and Other Operating Expenses (RAOMO) †¢ Registry of Allotments and Obligations †Personal Services (RAOPS) †¢ Registry of Allotments and Obligations-Financial Expenses (RAOFE). h. Notice of Cash Allocation (NCA). The receipt of NCA by the office will be recorded in the books as charge to account â€Å"Cash-National Treasury, Modified Disbursement System (MDS)† and credit to account â€Å"Subsidy Income from National Government†. I. Budgetary Expenses.Financial costs, for example, bank charges, premium costs, duty charges and other related costs will be independently ordered from Maintenance and Other Operating Expenses (MOOE). j. Unending Inventory of Supplies and Materials. Supplies and materials bought for stock reason will be recorded utilizing the never-ending stock framework. Standard buys will be flowed through the stock record and issuances thereof will be recorded as they occur aside from those bought out of Petty Cash Fund which will be charged legitimately to the proper business ledgers. k. Valuation of Inventory.Cost of consummation stock of provisions and materials will be processed utilizing the moving normal strategy. l. Support of Supplies and Property, Plant and Equipment Ledger Cards. For suitable check and parity, the Accounting Units of offices, just as the Property Offices, will keep up Supplies Ledger Cards/Stock Cards by stock number and Property, Plant and Equipment Ledger Cards/Property Cards by class of property, plant and hardware, separately. m. Development of Assets. For resources under development, the Construction Period Theory will be applied for costing purposes.Bonus paid to the temporary worker for finishing the work early will be added to the absolute expense of the task. Sold harms charged and paid for by the contractual worker will be deducted from the all out expense of the task. Any related costs caused during the development of the task, for example, charges, intrigue, permit expenses, license charges, leeway charge, and so on will be promoted, and those acquired after the development will frame some portion of working expense. n. Vault of Public Infrastructures/Registry of Reforestation Projects.For offices that develop open frameworks, for example, st reets, spans, conduits, railroads, square, landmarks, and so forth , and contribute on reforestation extends, a Registry of Public Infrastructures (RPI)/Registry of Reforestation Projects (RRP) will be kept up for every classification of foundations/reforestation ventures. Models are: †¢ Registry of Public Infrastructures †Bridges (RPIB) †¢ Registry of Public Infrastructures †Roads (RPIR) †¢ Registry of Public Infrastructures †Parks (RPIP) †¢ Registry of Reforestation Projects (RRP)A Summary of Public Infrastructures/Reforestation Projects will be arranged and remembered for the Notes to Financial Statements. o. Devaluation. The straight-line technique for devaluation will be utilized. Deterioration will begin the second month after acquisition of the property, plant and hardware, and a remaining worth proportional to 10% of the buy cost will be set-up. Open frameworks/reforestation extends just as workable resources that are done being utilized wi ll not be charged any devaluation. . Renaming of Assets. Workable resources done being utilized will be renamed to â€Å"Other Assets† account and will not be dependent upon deterioration. q. Stipend for Doubtful Accounts. An Allowance for Doubtful Accounts will be set up for evaluated uncollectible exchange receivables to consider their reasonable valuation. r. End of Contingent Accounts. Unforeseen records will never again be utilized. Every single money related exchange will be recorded utilizing the proper accounts.Cash deficiencies and refused installments, which become last and executory, will be recorded under receivable records â€Å"Due From Officers and Employees† or â€Å"Receivables-Disallowances/Charges†, by and large. s. Acknowledgment of Liability. Obligation will be perceived at the time products and ventures are acknowledged or rendered and provider/lender bills are gotten. t. Intrigue Accrual. At whatever point commonsense and proper, intrigue pay and additionally cost will be accumulated and perceived in the books of records. u. Representing Borrowings and Loans. All borrowings and credits brought about will be recorded to the suitable risk accounts. . Disposal of end product and negative diary passages. The utilization of end product and negative diary sections will be halted. Procurement/Disposition of benefits will be charged/credited to the proper resource accounts. On the off chance that a mistake is submitted, a rectifying passage to alter the first section will be readied. w. Unimportant Cash Fund. The Petty Cash Fund will be kept up under the imprest framework. Thusly, all recharges will be straightforwardly charged to the business ledger and consistently, the Petty Cash Fund will be equivalent to the all out money close by and the unreplenished expenses.The Petty Cash Fund will not be utilized to buy normal stock/things for stock. x. Outside Currency Adjustment. Money stores in outside cash and exceptional remot e advances will be figured at the conversion standard recommended by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas at accounting report dat

Check List - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Check List - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Check List My wife Cathy and I have taken enough trips in our life together to know that before we do any packing for a vacation, we need to have a check list for the trip. We have had more than enough times early in our marriage where we were an hour down the road when one of us suddenly uttered the famous words Did we remember ? The worst times have been when we are in a rush to get everything together and hit the road in 30 minutes or less, and some bag, book or envelope is still sitting on the kitchen counter while we race out of the driveway. We have learned the hard way (urgent trips to Target or CVS) to take the time to plan out the preparations for a trip. In the same way, I seriously suggest that you take the time to plan out the college application process. I have written about this issue before, but here is a more specific list of suggestions: Get a copy of your transcript, your resume (or create one and then put it with your college admissions materials), your school counselors contact information, documented verification that your official SAT/ACT scores were sent to each college, your senior schedule, and payment information (credit card information for example). One of my co-workers has also suggested a box of green tea bags for a calming cup during this stressful time. Go out and buy a large bin, crate, or accordion style file holder to keep all of your college materials . In addition, create a section for each college where you will be applying, purchase enough folders for different sections for each college (admission, financial aid, housing, scholarships, etc.), and label each folder with the colleges name. Create a checklist for each college, which should include a section for both the deadline date and the date submitted for each item. Your list should include all the required materials, from the application, application fee, transcript, test scores, recommendations, etc. The checklist should also have a place to list any user name and password that you have for the colleges application or status check. Purchase or print out a master calendar where you can list the important dates for each college. This could include the deadline dates, the notification dates, May 1 commitment deposit date, etc. You can use different colors for the different schools (red for UGA, orange for Clemson, etc.). Post this calendar in a prominent place in your house. Shoot for taking care of things by AT LEAST two weeks prior to a deadline. After applying, print out a copy of the application verification page(s) and any other post-application requirements that each college gives you. This is probably not everything that you will need, but it is at least a good start. Hopefully this will help make sure that nothing will be left on the counter as you take off on your college admissions journey. Go Dawgs!

The Scandal That Led to Milo Yiannopoulos Downfall

Breitbart editor and alt-right star Milo Yiannopoulos was poised to become a household name in the United States. Viewed as a bigot, Internet troll, and homophobe by his detractors—he’d likened feminism to cancer, told gays to â€Å"get back in the closet† and led a campaign of harassment against black actress Leslie Jones—the British transplant to the U.S. made headlines in early 2017 after his college tour sparked violence. When the University of California, Berkeley, canceled a Yiannopoulos speech because riots broke out on the campus in response, President Donald Trump took to Twitter to suggest that the university should lose federal funding for not supporting free speech. That the president would take the time to allude to him on social media signaled that Yiannopoulos, best known in right-wing circles, had successfully entered the mainstream. But less than a month later, the provocateur would lose his Simon Schuster book deal, his invitation to speak at CPAC, and his job at Breitbart. How did this dramatic turn of events come about? A review of Yiannopoulos’ life, career, and controversies reveal some of the factors that led to his rapid rise and shocking fall.    Early Years and Education Born Milo Hanrahan on Oct. 18, 1984, to a Greek-Irish father and an English mother, Yiannopoulos grew up in Kent in Southern England. Years later, he would change his surname to Yiannopoulos in honor of his Greek grandmother. Although he is now considered a darling of the alt-right movement, which has been linked to anti-Semitism, Yiannopoulos says that he has matrilineal Jewish ancestry. He grew up as a practicing Catholic, however, with his mother and stepfather. The openly-gay Yiannopoulos has indicated that he consented to have a sexual relationship with a Catholic priest, despite being underage at the time. This claim would factor into his downfall at the height of his career. By his teens, Yiannopoulos, who didn’t get along well with this mother’s husband, lived with his grandmother. Although he attended both the University of Manchester and Wolfson College, Cambridge, he never earned a degree, but his lack of education did not prevent him from having a journalism career in the United Kingdom. Journalism Career Yiannopoulos’ journalism career took off after he began working for the Daily Telegraph, where he developed an interest in tech journalism after reporting on women in computing in 2009. He also appeared in a number of broadcast news outlets and programs, including Sky News, â€Å"BBC Breakfast,† â€Å"Newsnight† and â€Å"10 O’Clock Live,† discussing topics such as feminism, men’s rights, the gay community and the Pope. Through this project  the Telegraph Tech Start-Up 100, he ranked influential European tech startups in 2011. That same year, he launched the Kernel, a tech journalism site. The online magazine became embroiled in scandal two years later after contributors to the publication sued for thousands of pounds of back pay. Yiannopoulos eventually paid six contributors the money owed to them. After changing ownership a couple of times, the Kernel was purchased by Daily Dot Media in 2014. Yiannopoulos served as an adviser but no longe r ​as editor. Political  Leanings Yiannopoulos has said he’s not interested in politics, but as his career progressed, he increasingly expressed views that aligned him with the alt-right, of which he’s described himself as a â€Å"fellow traveler.† He is said to have skewed coverage of 2014’s Gamergate controversy, which led to attacks, including death and rape threats, against prominent women gamers who’d criticized sexism in video game culture. Yiannopoulos described the women as â€Å"sociopathic,† despite the fact that they were the victims of relentless online attacks that forced them out of their homes when their addresses and other personal information were revealed on the Web through  a practice known as â€Å"doxxing.† In 2015, he organized a meeting of Gamergate supporters which received a bomb threat, as did a Society of Professional Journalists event featuring Yiannopoulos discussing Gamergate. Despite the outrage he sparked, Yiannopoulos’ notoriety earned him a position with Breitbart News Network, which named him  tech editor in 2015. The far-right news organization has been accused of reporting misinformation and fueling racism, anti-Semitism, and misogyny through its content. Former Breitbart News chair Stephen Bannon serves as an assistant and chief strategist for Donald Trump, whose election to the presidency has coincided with a rise of racial harassment  and white supremacist activity, including the killing of an Indian engineer and the desecration of Jewish cemeteries. Jewish magazine the Tablet has taken issue with Yiannopoulos for aligning himself with organizations that promote a racist, anti-Semitic or misogynistic agenda while maintaining that he doesn’t personally harbor such views. Tablet writer James Kirchick pointed out in 2016 that Yiannopoulos only mentions his matrilineal Jewish heritage when the anti-Semitism of his supporters comes to light. He said that Yiannopoulos’ Jewish heritage didn’t prevent him from wearing an Iron Cross medallion—a symbol of the Nazi regime — as a young man. Yiannopoulos has also defended himself against racism charges by saying that he prefers black men as lovers. â€Å"Like the insistence that he can’t be an anti-Semite because his mother has Jewish ancestors, Yiannopoulos’ assertion that his carnal desires inoculate him from the charge of bigotry is a deflection ploy,† Kirchick asserted. â€Å"Ironically, it’s also a form of the identity politics he claims to despise. While the ‘social justice warriors’ (SJWs) Yiannopoulos mocks say they cannot be racist or anti-Semitic on account of their identities, Yiannopoulos flimsily asserts the same about himself. The alt right should be absolved of similar imputations, Yiannopoulos says, because its spokesman is a gay half-Jew with jungle fever.† A Professional Troll The year 2016 saw Yiannopoulos’ star rise exponentially. That’s in large part because he kicked off his â€Å"Dangerous F----t† college tour in late 2015, which led to protests nationwide at universities such as Rutgers, DePaul, the University of Minnesota, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of California, Los Angeles. During this timeframe, Yiannopoulos began to earn a reputation for being a professional troll. Twitter, for example, suspended his account in December 2015 after he indicated on his profile that he was BuzzFeed’s social justice editor (which he was not). Twitter suspended his account once again after he made anti-Muslim remarks following the June 2016 mass shooting at Pulse, a gay nightclub in Orlando, Fla. Yiannopoulos was permanently banned from the social media site in July for inciting a campaign of racial harassment against black actress Leslie Jones, a star of the all-female â€Å"Ghostbusters† remake. He compared Jones to a man, and his fans likened her to apes, a comparison white supremacists have long used to dehumanize blacks. Yiannopoulos denied culpability for the racist abuse Jones received but was still banned from Twitter, as hed also crafted fake tweets photoshopped to look as if theyd been sent from her account. He later said that he was thankful for the ban for giving him more notoriety. The idea that Yiannopoulos is simply a troll using politics to become famous spread when BuzzFeed quoted a  Breitbart intern saying â€Å"Milo Yiannopoulos is not one person.† Reportedly, 44 interns are responsible for crafting his articles and social media posts. Yiannopoulos seemed to admit as much at first, saying that was the norm for someone with a career like his. But he later backtracked, implying that he didn’t rely on ghostwriters. Whatever the case, critics such as Kirchick contend that Yiannopoulos is a â€Å"rank opportunist.†   He shouts â€Å"outrageous things solely designed to upset liberals. He has nothing original or interesting to share,† Kirchick asserts. Because he makes his points in a â€Å"crude† fashion, however, Yiannopoulos manages to court controversy and stay in the news. In December 2016, Yiannopoulos made headlines after news spread that publishing giant Simon Schuster had just given him a book deal with a $250,000 advance. The announcement not only prompted the Chicago Review of Books to stop reviewing Simon Schuster books but also black feminist writer Roxane Gay to walk away from her book deal with the publisher. Pride Before the Fall At the onset of 2017, arguably more Americans than ever had become familiar with Milo Yiannopoulos. On Jan. 20, the same day as Trump’s inauguration, Yiannopoulos spoke at the University of Washington. Violent demonstrations took place outside, with a Yiannopoulos supporter shooting a protester at the event. The gunshot resulted in life-threatening injuries, but the victim survived.    On Feb. 1, Yiannopoulos was scheduled to speak at UC Berkeley. An estimated 1,500 protesters gathered outside. Some started fires, engaged in vandalism and pepper sprayed passersby, leading the campus police to cancel his appearance. This provoked Donald Trump to tweet about defunding the University of California for not upholding free speech. The outcry over Yiannopoulos’ college tour didn’t deter comedian Bill Maher from inviting the journalist on his â€Å"Real Time† show on Feb. 17, however. And the very next day, Matt Schlapp, chairman of the American Conservative Union, announced that Yiannopoulos had been invited to speak to the Conservative Political Action Committee (CPAC). The invitation sparked some conservatives to speak out in opposition, but CPAC stood firm. Then, a conservative blog called the Reagan Battalion tweeted a video from 2015  of Yiannopoulos saying he consented to have a sexual relationship with a priest when he was a teen. It went on to tweet out other videos of Yiannopoulos defending underage males having sex with adults. In the clip that sparked the most controversy, Yiannopoulos said: â€Å"Some of those relationships between younger boys and older men, the sort of coming-of-age relationships, the relationships in which those older men help those young boys to discover who they are, and give them security and safety and provide them with love and a reliable and sort of a rock where they can’t speak to their parents.† Yiannopoulos also made a snarky remark about the priest who allegedly abused him. â€Å"I’m grateful for Father Michael,† he said. â€Å"I wouldn’t give nearly such good [oral sex] if it wasn’t for him.† He also made a point to say that sex with young teens did not constitute pedophilia, as sex with children did. Due to these remarks, Yiannopoulos was widely accused of advocating for adults to have sex with underage teens. The backlash was swift. CPAC disinvited him from its conference. Simon Schuster canceled his book deal, and Yiannopoulos resigned from Breitbart after staffers said they would quit if he wasn’t fired. Yiannopoulos expressed regret for his choice of words, but it wasn’t enough to convince his former allies to stand behind him. â€Å"I’ve repeatedly expressed disgust at pedophilia in my feature and opinion writing,† he said in a Facebook statement on Feb. 20. â€Å"My professional record is very clear. But I do understand that these videos, even though some of them are edited deceptively, paint a different picture. I’m partly to blame. My own experiences as a victim led me to believe I could say anything I wanted to on this subject, no matter how outrageous. But I understand that my usual blend of British sarcasm, provocation and gallows humor might have come across as flippancy, a lack of care for other victims or, worse, ‘advocacy.’ I deeply regret that. People deal with things from their past in different ways.† Now that Yiannopoulos’ career at Breitbart is in the past, members of the groups he offended—women, Jews, blacks, gays—question why only  his remarks about the age of consent led his supporters to disavow him. Why didn’t it concern CPAC, Simon Schuster et al. that Yiannopoulos had made odious remarks about women’s rights, gay rights or civil rights generally? They argue the idea that only his tacit endorsement of pedophilia made Yiannopoulos unfit for the large platform he was given sets a low bar for civil discourse and  overlooks the impact of bigotry  on the marginalized.

Racism A Social Construct - 1593 Words

As I have lived most all of my life here in NYC, I have been affected by implicit biases, prejudices and discrimination based on my race, however my socioeconomic class, gender and my sexual orientation are significant forces of my social identity that not only define who I am, but are interconnected in the way I am and have been oppressed. Albeit racism has an impact on all of our lives in the US, however; it’s the intersectionality of the other social identity forces that when they are interacting with racism, they manifest many forms of social oppression. My social identity is that of an African-American, married lesbian woman. Racism is a social construct that has serious impact on many people’s lives. Heterosexism, also a social construct and racism contribute to the ever widening inequality gap. To slow sown or change the gap growth, policies would have to be imposed that would be specific to gender diversity and equality. Racism is structurally embedded in many institutions, but so does heterosexism as well. They may not be overtly visible, however when one is identified as homosexual, [s]he may become under attack from by the same institutions that are in place to protect in our society. . For many, the social construct of racism is created from a visible trait or characteristic that is visible and obvious, however sexual orientation can be hidden or unspoken. Anti –gay rhetoric, attitudes and behaviors, which in turn, leads to â€Å"patterns ofShow MoreRelatedRacism : A Historical And Social Construct1815 Words   |  8 PagesRacism: A Historical and Social Construct in America â€Å"Racism is the belief that characteristics and abilities can be attributed to people simply on the basis of their race and that some racial groups are superior to others. Racism and discrimination have been used as powerful weapons encouraging fear or hatred of others in times of conflict, [or] war, the fight for civil rights, and during economic downturns† (Shah). Racism has evolved throughout the years, yet still remains pervasive and highlyRead MoreInequality: Race And Racism. The Race Is A Social Construct1371 Words   |  6 PagesInequality: Race and Racism The race is a social construct that has real life consequences. The race is a fiction created by the dominant part of the society in order to legitimize their supremacy on those they wish to regulate. Racism: a term that was first coined by the Nazis in the 1930s in their attempt to make Germany clean of Jews . The race is a social construct that has both biological and cultural aspects but not based on scientific truths. The origin of the racial differences can be trackedRead More Racism: A Historical and Social Construct in America Essay2951 Words   |  12 PagesRacism, will it ever end? 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Mr. Bodeker presents clips of these interviews and provides narration. According to Mr. Bodeker, the film’s purpose is to expose the myth of racism and show how the White race suffers from reverse racism and double st andards (Dispatch Inc, 2013). TheRead MoreRacism Racism1172 Words   |  5 PagesIn the article, â€Å"Racism is real, race is not,† the author Adam Hochman argues that while racism is a very real and terrible system within our global society, the concept of race is not real and cannot be proven as such either biologically or socially speaking. Hochman states that though racism has emerged from the categorization of populations based upon physical attributes, race itself does not truly exist. 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My opinion is now divided into two; I am in that middle point where I can see both ways of the argument as valid and reasonable and agree with both. First, I will explain why I think it is a biological reality, then, I will explain why it can also be a social construct, and lastly how have these debates shaped the viewsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Five Faces Of Oppression By Charles W. Mills1050 Words   |  5 Pageshave the power to set rules. Iris Marian Young discusses oppression brought on by racism having five faces that constructs a society and shapes an individual in the book â€Å"Five Faces of Oppression† While some might say it is a social construct, it does not exist and if it does it is only meant to encourages people of a lower class to work harder, racism is a form of discrimination and needs to be put to an end. Racism causes inequality and oppresses certain groups of people. It leads a belief that

Pada umumnya siswa-siswi Free Essays

Latar Belakang Pada umumnya siswa-siswi dalam proses belajar mengajar, memerlukan media pembelajaran yang tepat, guna membantu proses penyampaian informasi dan ilmu secara sempurna dalam berbagai mata pelajaran yang mereka dapatkan Dari guru dan fasilitator pendidikan lainnya. Karena siswa-siswi kerap saltwort kesulitan memahami mata pelajaran yang diajarkan. Selain itu guru dan fasilitator pendidikan juga kerap saltwort menggunakan media pembelajaran bagi siswa dalam membantu merealisasikan strategi pembelajaran siswa agar materi yang disampaikan dapat dipahami oleh parity peserta didik. We will write a custom essay sample on Pada umumnya siswa-siswi or any similar topic only for you Order Now Seiring dengan dibutuhkannya berbagai media pembelajaran dalam setiap mata pelajaran dalam hal ini dikhususkan pada bidang studi IPS, maka banyak bermunculan berbagai jenis dan macam media pembelajaran bagi parity peserta didik. Dari yang palng sederhana dan murah hingga yang canggih dan mahal. Ada yang dapat dibuat oleh guru sendiri dan adenosine deaminase yang diproduksi pabrik. Ada yang sudah tersedia di lingkungan untuk langsung dimanfaatkan dan adenosine deaminase yang sengaja dirancang. Hal tersebut sangatlah membantu peserta didik dan guru dalam rangka penyelenggaraan pendidikan. Oleh karena itu media pembelajaran dalam hal ini mata pelajaran IPS perlu di berdayakan, agar materi IPS yang disampaikan dapat dipahami dan dipergunakan dengan semestinya guna membantu proses belajar mengajar IPS. Identifikasi Masalah Bagaimana pengaruh media pembelajaran terhadap proses penyelenggaraan pendidikan? Apakah manfaat media pembelajaran IPS yakni cyberspace dalam efektivitas proses penyelenggaraan pendidikan. Pembatasan Masalah Mengingat masalah dalam media pembelajaran ruang lingkupnya sangatlah luas, maka penulis membatasi masalah mengenai media pembelajaran IPS yakni cyberspace dalam proses penyelenggaraan pendidikan. Perumusan Masalah Berdasarkan pembatasan masalah diatas maka penulis merumuskan sebagai berikut: Jenis dan macam media pembelajaran IPS Manfaat Media Pembelajaran IPS yakni cyberspace dalam proses penyelenggaraan pendidikan Tujuan dan Manfaat Penulisan Pada faktor eksternal, untuk diketahui oleh berbagai pihak yang terkait dengan penggunaan media pembelajaran IPS Pada faktor internal, untuk dapat memenuhi tugas pada mata kuliah † Pendidikan IPS † SISTEMATIKA PENULISAN Untuk memudahkan mendapatkan gambaran yang jelas mengenai tugas mata kuliah â€Å" Pendidikan IPS † ini, maka penulis melakukan sistematika penulisan secara bitter cassava besar diuraikan sebagai berikut: BAB I PENDAHULUAN Pada bab ini diuraikan secara singkat mengenai latar belakang masalah, identifikasi masalah, pembatasan masalah, tujuan dan manfaat penelitian, dan sistematika penelitian. BAB II PEMBAHASAN Dalam bab ini diuraikan Directorate for Inter-Services Intelligence tugas makalah â€Å" Pendidikan IPS † ini, yakni meliputi, Jenis dan macam-macam media pembelajaran IPS serta manfaat media pembelajaran tersebut. BAB III KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN Dalam bab ini merupakan kesimpulan dan saran yang diuraikan pada bab-bab sebelumnya yakni pada bab pendahuluan dan pembahasan BAB II PEMBAHASAN Jenis dan Macam-macam Media Pembelajaran Seiring dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan akan media pembelajaran yang menjembatani antara guru dan siswa dalam penyampaian materi pembelajaran khususnya mata pelajaran IPS, maka hadirlah berbagai jenis dan macam mrdia pembelajaran. Menurut Rudy Bretz ( 1971 ) menggolongkan media pembelajaran berdasarkan tiga unsur pokok ( suara, ocular dan gerak ) : Media sound Media cetak Media ocular diam Media ocular gerak Media sound semi gerak Media ocular semi gerak Media audio ocular diam Media audio ocular gerak MenurutAnderson ( 1976 ) menggolongkan menjadi 10 media pembelajaran: Audio: Kaset sound, siaran wireless, Cadmium, telepon Cetak: Buku pelajaran, modul, brosur, cusp, gambar Audio-cetak: Kaset sound yang dilengkapi bahan tertulis Proyeksi ocular diam: Overhead transparansi ( OHT ) , movie bingkai ( slide ) Proyeksi audio ocular diam: Film bingkai slide bersuara Ocular gerak: Film bisu Audio ocular gerak: Film gerak bersuara, Video/VCD, Televisi Obyek fisik: Benda nyata, theoretical account, spesimen Manusia dan lingkungan: Guru, pustakawan, laboran Komputer: Internet Schramm ( 1985 ) menggolongkan media pembelajaran berdasarkan kompleksnya suara, yaitu: media kompleks ( movie, Television, Video/VCD, ) dan media sederhana ( slide, sound, transparansi, teks ) . Selain itu menggolongkan media berdasarkan jangkauannya, yaitu media masal ( liputannya luas dan serentak / wireless, televisi ) , media kelompok ( liputannya seluas ruangan / kaset sound, picture, OHP, slide, dll ) , media single ( untuk perorangan / buku teks, telepon, Internet ) . Henrich, dkk menggolongkan: media yang tidak diproyeksikan media yang diproyeksikan media sound media picture media berbasis komputer multi media kit. Dalam hal ini media juga diklasifikasikan menjadi media ocular, media sound, dan media audio-visual. Media Visual Media yang tidak diproyeksikan Media realita adalah benda nyata. Benda tersebut tidak harus dihadirkan di ruang kelas, tetapi siswa dapat melihat langsung ke obyek. Kelebihan dari media realia ini adalah dapat memberikan pengalaman nyata kepada siswa. Misal untuk mempelajari keanekaragaman makhluk hidup, klasifikasi makhluk hidup, ekosistem, dan organ tanaman. Model adalah benda tiruan dalam wujud tiga dimensi yang merupakan representasi atau pengganti Dari benda yang sesungguhnya. Penggunaan theoretical account untuk mengatasi kendala tertentu sebagai pengganti realia. Misal untuk mempelajari sistem gerak, pencernaan, pernafasan, peredaran darah, sistem ekskresi, dan syaraf pada hewan. Media grafis tergolong media ocular yang menyalurkan pesan melalui simbol-simbol ocular. Fungsi dari media grafis adalah menarik perhatian, memperjelas sajian pelajaran, dan mengilustrasikan suatu fakta atau konsep yang mudah terlupakan jika hanya dilakukan melalui penjelasan verbal. Jenis-jenis media grafis adalah: Gambar / foto: picket fence umum digunakan Sketsa: gambar sederhana atau bill of exchange kasar yang melukiskan bagian pokok tanpa item. Dengan sketsa dapat menarik perhatian siswa, menghindarkan verbalisme, dan memperjelas pesan. Diagram / skema: gambar sederhana yang menggunakan bitter cassava dan simbol untuk menggambarkan struktur Dari obyek tertentu secara bitter cassava besar. Misal untuk mempelajari organisasi kehidupan Dari sel samapai organisme. Bagan / chart: menyajikan ide atau konsep yang sulit sehingga lebih mudah dicerna siswa. Selain itu bagan mampu memberikan ringkasan butir-butir penting Dari penyajian. Dalam bagan sering dijumpai bentuk grafis lain, seperti: gambar, diagram, kartun, atau lambang verbal. Grafik: gambar sederhana yang menggunakan bitter cassava, titik, simbol verbal atau bentuk tertentu yang menggambarkan informations kuantitatif. Misal untuk mempelajari pertumbuhan. Media proyeksi Transparansi OHP merupakan alat Bantu mengajar tatap muka sejati, sebab tata letak ruang kelas tetap seperti biasa, guru dapat bertatap muka dengan siswa ( tanpa harus membelakangi siswa ) . Perangkat media transparansi meliputi perangkat lunak ( Overhead transparancy / OHT ) dan perangkat Keras ( Overhead projector / OHP ) . Teknik pembuatan media transparansi, yaitu: Mengambil Dari bahan cetak dengan teknik tertentu Membuat sendiri secara manual Film bingkai / slide adalah movie transparan yang umumnya berukuran 35 millimeter dan diberi bingkai 2X2 inci. Dalam satu paket berisi beberapa movie bingkai yang terpisah satu sama lain. Manfaat movie bingkai hampir sama dengan transparansi OHP, hanya kualitas ocular yang dihasilkan lebih bagus. Sedangkan kelemahannya adalah beaya produksi dan peralatan lebih mahal serta kurang praktis. Untuk menyajikan dibutuhkan proyektor slide. Media Audio Radio Radio merupakan perlengkapan elektronik yang dapat digunakan untuk mendengarkan berita yang bagus dan aktual, dapat mengetahui beberapa kejadian dan peristiwa-peristiwa penting dan baru, masalah-masalah kehidupan dan sebagainya. Radio dapat digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran yang cukup efektif. Kaset-audio Yang dibahas disini khusus kaset sound yang sering digunakan di sekolah. Keuntungannya adalah merupakan media yang ekonomis karena biaya pengadaan dan perawatan murah. Media Audio Visual Media picture Merupakan salat satu jenis media audio ocular, selain movie. Yang banyak dikembangkan untuk keperluan pembelajaran, biasa dikemas dalam bentuk VCD. Media komputer Media ini memiliki semua kelebihan yang dimiliki oleh media lain. Selain mampu menampilkan teks, gerak, suara dan gambar, komputer juga dapat digunakan secara interaktif, bukan hanya searah. Bahkan komputer yang disambung dengan cyberspace dapat memberikan keleluasaan belajar menembus ruang dan waktu serta menyediakan sumber belajar yang hampir tanpa Batas. Realitas empirik selama ini di tingkat persekolahan memperlihatkan, dalam proses pembelajaran IPS, guru IPS kurang optimum baik di dalam memanfaatkan maupun memberdayakan media pembelajaran, karena dalam proses pembelajaran IPS cenderung masih berpusat pada guru ( teacher centered ) , text edition centered, dan monomedia. Adalah tidak dapat dipersalahkan apabila banyak siswa mengganggap proses pembelajaran IPS sebagai sesuatu yang membosankan, monoton, kurang menyenangkan, terlalu banyak hafalan, kurang variatif, dan pelbagai keluhan lainnya. Padahal pendidikan IPS merupakan man-made scientific discipline, karena konsep, generalisasi, dan temuan-temuan penelitian ditentukan atau diobservasi setelah fakta terjadi. Informasi faktual tentang kehidupan sosial atau masalah-masalah kontemporer yang terjadi di masyarakat dapat ditemukan dalam liputan ( exposure ) media massa, karena media massa diyakini dapat menggambarkan realitas sosial dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan. Meskipun untuk itu, informasi atau pesan ( message ) yang ditampilkannya?Xsebagaimana dapat dibaca di surat kabar atau majalah, didengarkan di wireless, dilihat di televisi atau cyberspace telah melalui suatu saringan ( filter ) dan seleksi Dari pengelola media itu untuk berbagai kepentingannya, misalnya: untuk kepentingan bisnis atau ekonomi, kekuasaan atau politik, pembentukan opini publik, hingga pendidikan. Sementara itu, seiring dengan pesatnya perkembangan media informasi dan komunikasi, baik perangkat Keras ( hardware ) maupun perangkat lunak ( package ) , penyampaian pesan/informasi bagi parity siswa dibutuhkan media cyberspace sebagai media pembelajaran siswa agar memudahkan penyampaian materi pelajaran IPS. Siswa dapat memperoleh informasi Dari berbagai sumber informasi, antara lain melalui media massa, siaran televisi dan wireless ( media elektronik ) , surat kabar dan majalah ( media cetak ) , komputer pribadi, cyberspace. Adalah tidak berlebihan kiranya apabila disebutkan bahwa media massa sangat berpengaruh di dalam pendidikan IPS. Hal ini didasarkan pada berbagai temuan penelitian yang menyiratkan, antara lain, bahwa: Media massa, khususnya cyberspace telah begitu memasyarakat ; Media massa berpengaruh terhadap proses sosialisasi ; Orang-orang lebih mengandalkan informasi yang berasal dari media Massa daripada Dari Pongo pygmaeus lain ; Para guru IPS perlu memberdayakan media massa sebagai sumber Pembelajarannya Para orang tua dan pendidik, baik secara sendiri-sendiri maupun secara How to cite Pada umumnya siswa-siswi, Essay examples

Last Mile Problem free essay sample

However, these options require commuters to invest in additional assets such as storage and security, which most people in the region cannot afford. A low household income forces 80% of people in La Paz to use public transportation according to Swisscontact Bolivia (PÂ ¤gina, 2013). Furthermore, the size and geography of the region makes it even more challenging and undesirable to walk. As a result, available substitutes may not solve the regions need for an effective mass transportation system that can relieve the last-mile problem. The limited options in the transportation industry affect the consumers directly. Private minivan drivers have been continuously imposing price increase with an empty promise of upgrading their services, leaving commuters with higher fares and a mediocre service at best. The local governments have tried to stop the price hikes, but the drivers have always managed to neutralize the governments political power through strikes that frequently bring the region to a halt. We will write a custom essay sample on Last Mile Problem or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Overall, commuters from La Paz spend on average 40% of their family income in transportation according to the governments bus system social media site. As of today, public transportation in the area is provided by the government and the private sector. This latter is owned by individuals whom in many cases purchase a used imported vehicle to transport commuters at relatively high fares. The industry has been practically self-regulated until recently, but this self-regulation was aimed only at maintaining fair competitions among drivers. Whats worse, since the service providers are also the regulators, they disregarded many key components of the transportation system: the quality of the service; the efficiency and effectiveness of the system; and the fair reatment of customers. With respect to commuters, switching from one provider to another one makes little difference while switching to another type of transportation As a consulting company based in the United States but working in a developing nation, we are aware that creativity is important in tackling such a challenge. The rest of the paper will explain our process in trying to solve the last-mile problem in the region. First, we will discuss how we utilized Mind Mapping to further understand the last-mile problem. Second, we will elaborate on how we used the Morphological Forced Connections method to develop a series of creative alternatives to solve the problem at hand. Consequently, we evaluated the solutions considering our clients constituency needs and will offer what we believe is the best solution. Nevertheless, we are aware of potential issues that may arise which we acknowledge in our paper, followed by where we see the project going. Ill. Tool 1: Mind-Mapping The first tool we utilized was mind-mapping: the process of building a diagram to visually outline information or ideas. Mind maps provide a visual representation to brainstorm a central idea with connecting branches of associated topics. It begins with a single word or statement in the center of the board, paper, or any written material. Next, words, categories, or concepts that are associated with the center idea are added. Everything is related to the center and stems outward leading to subcategories and different connections. This mechanism enables groups to see the problem clearly and brainstorm related topics or solutions. It facilitates exploration, making connections, showing thought processes, recalling information, planning, and organizing. We began with this tool so that we could fully develop our understanding f the problem and explore solutions that already exist worldwide. We each spent time researching articles and solutions that different cities and countries have used to solve the last mile problem. We let the problem and solutions incubate for several days and then met for a group meeting to mind map what we discovered. In our meeting, we laid the last mile problem down as our center. From there we thought of our different categories that helped create a wide understanding of our problem. These categories were: who, what, where, reasons/why, and supporting articles/ examples. We then created subcategories: users needs connected to who the problem effects and issues with current solutions connected to the examples. The first step was laying out what the last mile problem is. Although public transit such as trains, trams, busses, and shuttles exist in urban and suburban areas, destinations are often farther away from the stations than walking distance. This often makes public transit systems ineffective. We laid down ideas on our mind map about what this problem includes. For example: people cant get home or to work from the bus or train, no road access, no parking, hills difficult to walk or bike, there re lack of alternatives, elderly or children cant walk long distances, etc. Next, we mapped out who has to deal with this daily issue: people who cannot afford cars, low- income families, students, commuters, workers, drivers, and governments. This then led to our subcategory of the users needs: time, money, energy, access, and convenience. Where the last mile exists was another category. We brainstormed ideas such as: spread out populations, urban areas, big cities, remote villages, and mountainous regions. Reasons why this problem is occurring was also addressed: nstable governments, lack of city planning, lack of money, geography, spread out cities, lack of incentives, crowded cities, unstable population, lack of design thinking, attempted solutions and the issues for why many have been unsuccessful. A few examples of attempted solutions included: Brazil has built a bus-rapid transit (BRT); Columbia has the largest network of bike lanes; small city cars have been built, skyrails, and electric bikes charged by solar power.